Authorship Criteria and Responsibilities

An individual qualifies for authorship only when all four criteria below are fulfilled. These criteria are based on widely recognized international authorship principles.

All individuals who satisfy all four criteria must be recognized as authors. Individuals who make substantial intellectual contributions should be given the opportunity to participate in manuscript preparation or critical revision, approve the final version, and accept responsibility for the published work.

Certain activities do not independently justify authorship when the individual does not meet all four criteria. These activities include:

• Obtaining research funding or financial support without substantial intellectual involvement.
• Providing general supervision, administrative coordination, or institutional support without fulfilling the authorship criteria.
• Providing technical assistance, data entry, language editing, proofreading, or manuscript formatting without substantial intellectual contributions.
• Providing access to facilities, equipment, research participants, or other resources without meeting all authorship requirements.

All authors share responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the published work. Each author should understand their own contribution, be able to identify the contributions of their co-authors, and have confidence in the integrity of the work performed by other members of the author group.

Authors are expected to:

• Ensure that the manuscript is original and that all sources, data, ideas, and previously published materials are properly acknowledged.
• Confirm that every listed author meets the journal's authorship criteria and that no eligible contributor is inappropriately excluded.
• Review and approve the submitted manuscript and its final version intended for publication.
• Disclose relevant funding sources, competing interests, and other information required by the journal.
• Respond to reasonable editorial requests for clarification, supporting information, or investigation of concerns regarding the manuscript.
• Notify the editorial office promptly if a significant error or issue affecting the integrity of the published article is identified.

The authors are collectively responsible for determining the authorship list and agreeing on the order in which their names appear. The order should reflect the authors' agreed assessment of their respective contributions and any applicable disciplinary conventions. The journal does not determine authorship order on behalf of the authors.

Any request to add, remove, or reorder authors after submission must be submitted to the editorial office with a clear explanation and written agreement from all listed authors and, where applicable, any individual being added or removed. The Editor-in-Chief may request supporting documentation before deciding whether to approve the change.

Authorship changes will not be approved solely on the request of one author without appropriate consultation and agreement. If a dispute arises, the journal may suspend manuscript processing while the matter is addressed by the relevant parties or institutions.

The corresponding author serves as the primary contact between the author group and PROCURATIO: Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis throughout submission, peer review, revision, and publication.

The corresponding author is responsible for:

• Ensuring that the manuscript complies with the journal's submission requirements and publication ethics policies.
• Providing complete and accurate author names, institutional affiliations, contact information, and authorship declarations.
• Confirming that all authors have reviewed and approved the manuscript and agreed to its submission.
• Communicating editorial decisions, reviewer comments, revision requests, and publication updates to all co-authors.
• Coordinating manuscript revisions and submitting accurate responses to editorial and reviewer comments.
• Remaining available after publication to address questions about the article and cooperate with reasonable requests for supporting information, subject to applicable ethical, legal, and confidentiality requirements.

Designation as corresponding author does not remove the responsibility of that individual or any co-author for the integrity of the published work.

PROCURATIO: Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis recognizes that artificial intelligence tools may assist with research and manuscript preparation. However, AI tools cannot qualify as authors or co-authors because they cannot independently approve a manuscript, accept responsibility for the work, or be held accountable for its accuracy and integrity.

AI systems, including ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Google NotebookLM, Kimi, and other generative AI tools or large language models, must not be listed as authors or co-authors. Human authors remain responsible for all content submitted to the journal.

AI Disclosure Requirements

Authors must disclose substantive use of AI-assisted tools in manuscript preparation and research, in accordance with the journal's submission instructions. The disclosure should identify the tool used and explain its purpose and the nature of its use.

Routine spelling, grammar, or formatting tools that do not generate substantive content may not require separate disclosure, subject to the journal's specific instructions. When in doubt, authors should disclose their use of AI tools.

The editorial team may request clarification, declarations, or supporting documentation if concerns arise regarding authorship, contributor recognition, undisclosed AI use, or the integrity of submitted work.

Suspected authorship misconduct, including guest authorship, ghost authorship, inappropriate authorship changes, or misrepresentation of contributions, will be assessed in accordance with the journal's publication ethics policies.

Depending on the circumstances and available evidence, editorial action may include requesting clarification, suspending manuscript processing, rejecting a submission, or taking appropriate post-publication action where necessary.

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